Publishing is the activity of disseminating and producing information, music and literature, for public consumption. It includes stages of editing, development, graphics, production and acquisition. It is also an important element in legal affairs pertaining to marriage, bankruptcy, libel and copyrights.
A publisher is an individual who is the head or owner, to an imprint or company. They are categorized as non-paid and paid.
Preparation time for books, newspapers for magazine writers is extensive and expensive. Hiring of staff, commissioning copies and contacting freelance journalists is a method used in production. For independent works, writers submit proposals or submissions, for approval.
Most of the famous authors have representation of a literary manager. However, others use the non-standard way of publication, through blogging or employing ghostwriters. A submitted book that is a bestseller enhances the reputation of the publisher involved.
Prior to publication, text editing, design and layout occurs, then marketing begins. There are legal and technical issues and rewrites to improve the quality. Staff of an imprint will edit and ensure the work equals the current styles, and grammatical demands of a market.
Design is the artwork commissioned and layout. Photographs from libraries require licensing. Dust composition, binding, casing, quality and paper specification is done. The end result is determined by the typography and design.
Activities in a printing press entails, typesetting, negative production, layout and plates. The brass preparation for spine and imprint is computerized. This is followed by marketing and sales via informative sheets, internet and sales persons.
Electronic or digital, is the publication of e-books, digital magazines and EPUBs. Generated by online vending, it is common for scientific journals, distribution of books, newspapers and magazines. This technology has three qualities, tags for content definition, style sheet for look and metadata for web search.
An academic article takes seven months to two years to be printed in a journal. This delay has contributed to writers using pre-printed repositories. Journalists play a role in control of quality and proof of the scientific attributes.
Open printing or unpaid software, is the creating of news and content, transparent to readers. The stories have little or no filtration and readers can view the editorial decisions of others. An example is Internet, where anyone with access is allowed to visit a site of their choice.
Self or independent reproduction is where an author decides to work independently. Its ability to grow has been advanced by technology. Portable tablets with enhanced readability, have allowed readers to have numerous e-books.
Musicians, often self-release and distribute their records through internet, stores, or directly to their customers. Internet has become a medium of distributing and publicizing music, with sales ranging from physical LPs, CD’s or downloads.
Accessible, is a printing approach where books or texts are availed in alternating formats, to aid reading process. This includes larger fonts or specialized fonts, for certain forms of reading incapacity. Examples are braille, automated audio books, e-books and digital voice enhanced books.
The first movable printer was developed and invented in China in 1048. An improved version was created in Germany in 1450. Digital, inkjet, screen, flexographic, laser, rotogravure, heat press and offset printers, are the modern day publishing tools.